Wondering dab tsi et al txhais tau tias nyob rau hauv APA?
Koj puas tau nyeem cov abbreviation "et at" nyob rau hauv tej phau ntawv tsis paub dab tsi nws hais txog dab tsi? Qhov no yog tus diminutive ntawm "Et alii" los yog "et alias"Latin locutions qab hau "thiab lwm tus". En investigaciones científicas y trabajos de grado suele verse en bibliografías de muchos autores. Si te preguntas qué significa et al en APA, que es similar a un etcétera, pero reservado para personas.
Li ntawd, dab tsi yog et al txhais hais tias nyob rau hauv APA?
American Psychological Association (APA) employs "et al" los tiv thaiv soj ntsuam ntawm lossi coj sau ib daim ntawv teev cov sau phau ntawv. Tib lub sijhawm, nyeem tsis poob rau hauv lub tedium ntawm nyeem ib daim ntawv teev cov sau phau ntawv dua thiab dua. Raws li tus xya tsab ntawm cov qauv APA, cov qauv APA, cov et al. yog siv thaum muaj ntau tshaj peb sau phau ntawv ntawm ib tug ua hauj lwm.
Suppose peb xav tsocai ib phau ntawv sau los ntawm Adrián Linares, Edgardo Lara thiab Luciano González. Ua li ntawd, thawj quotation ua los ntawm cov ntawv nyeem yuav tsum tau sau raws li: Linares et al., 2015 (los yog lub xyoo uas nws corresponds), thiab raws li tom citations.
Qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv ntawm lwm yam.
Et al. yuav tsis meej pem nrog cov nrov "etc.", cov abbreviation ntawm etcetera uas txhais tau tias "thiab tas" nyob latin. Qhov no Qhov txawv ntawm ob yog tias etcetera siv rau cov npe teev thiab tsis neeg.
Además, el et al., suele aparecer exclusivamente en fuentes académicas, mientras que “etc” se utiliza en contextos tantos formales como informales.
Thaum et al. txhais tau tias alibi
Nws yuav zoo li tsis meej pem tham txog qhov no, thaum peb xav siab rau tham txog dab tsi et al txhais tau tias nyob rau hauv APA. Tiam sis, nws puas tsim nyog paub tias et al. kuj yog ib diminutive ntawm et alibiLwm cov lus qhia hais tias tej chaw uas hais txog tej chaw muaj tub sab. Ib tug qauv zoo yog thaum koj tawm tswv yim rau ib qho chaw twg. Tus et al. (et alibi) yuav siv tau thaum commenting rau tag nrho cov chaw uas tau xyuas.
Yuav sau li cas?
Yog ib qho abbreviation thiab ib Latin locution, nws yog ib qho uas nws sau ntawv yuav ua tsis meej pem. Mus txog rau xyoo 2010, tus muaj koob muaj npe Spanish Academy (RAE) thiab lub koom haum ntawm Academies ntawm cov lus Spanish affirmed tias qhov qhia no Nws twb tau sau ntawv nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv round thiab siv tilde, Tab sis txij thaum ntawd los lawv yuav kho tib yam li tej lo lus txawv teb chaws, tau sau nyob rau hauv italics los yog quotation marks thiab tsis tilde.
Ambiguous tus neeg mob siv et al.
Yog ib qho teeb meem uas siv cov abbreviation et al. yog tias nws yuav lend nws tus kheej rau ambiguities. Koj pom, yog hais tias koj muaj ib phau ntawv sau los ntawm González nrog rau lwm zaum hauv 2015, tiam sis kuj txawv ib luam tawm los gonzález nws tus kheej thaum tib hnub, siv cov "et al." yuav lend nws tus kheej mus tsis meej pem, vim tsuas yog cov neeg sau yuav paub tias lawv muaj ntau phau ntawv.
Ua li ntawd, cov qhia yuav siv raws li nram no:
Wb xav txog tej yam tias tus sau phau ntawv thawj yog: González, Pérez, Mars thiab Echolls thiab tias cov ntawv nyeem yuav muab los ntawm lub xyoo 2015. Tib xyoo González luam tawm lwm phau ntawv nrog Rodríguez, Canto thiab Vega.
Yog peb coj daim ntawv ntawm et al, thaum citing ob phau ntawv lawv yuav zoo li no: González et al., 2015, uas yuav ua rau tsis meej pem.
Yog hais tias tej yam zoo li no tshwm sim, tus zoo tagnrho yog sau cov surnames ntawm tus sau phau ntawv mus txog rau thaum tsis muaj tsis meej pem. Ua li ntawd, thawj lub sij hawm teem tseg yuav:
González, Pérez et al., 2015
Thiab tus thib ob:
González, Rodríguez et al., 2015
Nco ntsoov tias tus et al. yuav tsum "muaj" tsawg kawg yog ob tug sau phau ntawv. Yog hais tias nws yog ib lo lus nug uas ua distinction tsuas yog ib surname, ces nws pom tias sau lawv tag nrho. Piv txwv li, thawj phau ntawv yog sau los ntawm González, Pérez thiab Mars hauv 2015 thiab tus thib ob yog luam tawm los ntawm González, Pérez y Canto nyob rau tib lub xyoo.
Yog tias cov "et al." yuav tsuas "muaj" ib surname (Mars los yog Canto), tsab cai idea yog sau peb surnames li ib txwm.
Rau cov ntawv nyeem xwb
Tej yam uas koj yuav tsum khaws nco yog tias cov abbreviation "et al."
Nws muaj nws styled tias tag nrho cov surnames ntawm tus sau phau ntawv tshwm sim, thiab raws li ntau paub meej txog cov ntawv nyeem thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas tus sau phau ntawv ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb scientific refers.
Ua raws li daim ntawv APA
Peb paub tias raws li cov cai no yuav zoo li tedious, tab sis wb nco ntsoov tias APA qauv thiab lawv daim ntawv thov muaj vim li cas rau. Tom qab APA txoj cai tsis tsuas muab ib tug txiav txim zoo ntawm formality rau cov ntawv nyeem, tiam sis tsis txhob plagiarism thiab muab daim credit rau cov neeg uas tsim nyog nws.
Thaum lub caij no uas koj sau koj cov thesis, kawm ntawv ua hauj lwm los yog kev kawm ntawv, koj yog tus sau. Xav txog tej yam tias tag kis ib tug neeg tsuas nyiag koj ua hauj lwm thiab tsim nyog koj lub tswv yim tsis acknowledging koj zog ua hauj lwm, koj teev pw tsaug zog thiab koj kev tshawb fawb.
Thaum koj paub sau ntawv nrog daim ntawv APA, ua qhov kev tshawb fawb (thiab sau ntawv) yuav yog ib tug me nyuam tshaj plaws.
Cov nplooj ntawv uas ua rau koj
Koj yuav tsum paub tias muaj cov websites thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas pab koj ua tag nrho cov quotes thiab references kom koj sau tsis ntshai ua yuam kev. Dab tsi ib soj ntsuam ntawm xav poob nws txoj hauj lwm vim yog ib tug yuam kev me me quav siv cov cai.
Yog koj xav txog cov lus qhia ntawm APA cov qauv kawm tshaj qhov koj, koj yeej ib txwm mus rau cov cuab yeej uas pab koj thiab facilitate koj qhov chaw ua hauj lwm.
Xijpeem koj ua, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias koj tam sim no ib huv, neat thiab thawj ua hauj lwm, uas koj muab daim credit rau cov neeg uas tsim nyog nws, hwm cov cai thiab tam sim no koj peb tes num nyob rau hauv txoj kev kom nws yooj yim nyeem thiab manipulate.
Nco ntsoov tias, tom qab koj, ntau lwm soj ntsuam ntawm yuav nyeem thiab siv koj ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug siv, ces qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas koj yuav ua tau yog sau nws kom muab sawv daws ib impression zoo thiab daim ntawv ceeb toom tias koj muab dag zog thiab lub plawv rau hauv koj qhov chaw ua hauj lwm.
Thaum kawg ntawm hnub ntawd, koj tussis yog ib hom ntawv uas koj yuav tso tag nrho koj paub. Ua nws txoj cai!