Koj puas tau wondered dab tsi apa qauv yog dab tsi? Hnub no peb piav rau koj
Cov qauv kawm apa yog dab tsi? Koj ib txwm paub tias ua koj kawm ntawv ua hauj lwm, thesis los yog kawm ntawv yog ib yam dab tsi loj, tab sis koj tej zaum tsis paub tias koj yuav tau sau nws nyob rau hauv ib lub daim ntawv tshwj xeeb hu ua APA cov qauv kawm. Cov cai no tau ua tus calmest neeg tau tshem lawv nails, siv sleepless nights thiab tso ib los yog lwm blasphemy thaum no mas, configure qhov kev ntsuas ntawm cov margins, tus nyob deb li cas ntawm cov paragraphs thiab kab, cov zauv... Peb yuav dag yog hais tias peb hais tias qhov no tsis yog ib txoj kev uas yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm thiab ntau xim, ces, ntawm tej taw tes rau cov lus, tej zaum koj xav uas tsim no tsim txom thiab seb nws yog hais txog.
Hnub no peb yuav tham txog APA cov qauv kawm los pib: dab tsi yog APA cov qauv kawm? Leej twg tsim lawv? Thiab, tseem ceeb tshaj, peb ua li cas los tsim nyog lawv tsim nyog qhov no? Los yog zoo, yog tsawg dramatic, wb tham txog vim li cas peb yuav tsum siv lawv.
Cov qauv kawm apa yog dab tsi?
qauv. Niaj hnub lub neej yog cim los ntawm norms uas facilitate lub socialization thiab zog ntawm tej yam. APA qauv yog tias, tab sis rau kev tshawb fawb scientific.
Feem coob ntawm cov kev kawm, APA cov qauv kawm yog ib style ntawm kev nthuav qhia thiab koom haum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv compilation ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas koj yuav tsum sau koj qhov kev kawm scientific.
Koj txoj kev tshawb fawb yuav tsis randomly sau ntawv. Nws yuav tsum muaj ib lub hom phiaj, ib lub hom phiaj hypothesis, ib foundation thiab xaus lus. Nws yuav tsis tsuas kub siab rau qhov tiav ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb los yog peb tes num: dab tsi yog sau ntawv yuav tsum muaj ib lub ntsiab lus, nws yuav tsum hais ib yam dab tsi, nws yuav tsum piav ib yam dab tsi, cas, qhov twg, thaum twg thiab yog vim li cas.
Qhov tsis yogTiam sis APA muab lub ntsiab lus rau cov lus qhia Thiab tsis tas li, lawv normalize lawv kev nthuav qhia kom lawv kawg manipulation yog yooj yim.
APA cov qauv kawm rau dab tsi?
Vim li cas thiaj ua raws li cov cai no thaum sau ib daim ntawv scientific ntawv? Cov lus teb yog yooj yim: unification. Ib daim ntawv sau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv APA yuav ua raws li ib daim ntawv yooj yim pom tau tias thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj kev tshawb fawb yuav muab los thoob ntiaj teb, raws li soj ntsuam ntawm soj ntsuam ntawm yuav siv nws ua ib tug siv; Qhov no yog vim daim ntawv no yog li ntawd, zoo organized tias leej twg yuav saib tau lub plawv ntawm koj qhov chaw ua hauj lwm.
me ntsis keeb kwm
No headache pib siv rau xyoo 1929. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawd thawj pawg qauv rau qhov tseeb dissemination ntawm ib tug scientific ua hauj lwm los teeb.
Txoj cai Tau sau los ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm lub koom haum American Psychological Association (American Psychological Association, los yog APA) uas, nyeg, yug hauv 1892, ntawm Clark University.
Hnub no nws muaj 150 txhiab associates thiab tswj ib pob nyiaj siv ntawm 70 lab (million) duas ib xyoo, uas txhais tau tias nws yog tus lNeeg ntiaj teb coob koom haum ntawm psychologists. Nws muaj nuj nqi yog qhov kev kho tshiab ntawm psychology, thiab raws li cov qib uas kho mob.
Lawv tsim cov norms ua kevcai raus dej nrog lawv acronyms: ua ntej lub continuous publications ntawm kev soj ntsuam rau lawv qhov chaw ua hauj lwm, lawv pom tias nws yog tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj ib co cai los tswj cov kev nthuav qhia txog cov dissertations, qhov no nrog rau lub tswv yim ntawm kev soj ntsuam ntawm lawv qhov chaw ua hauj lwm, lawv pom tias nws yog tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj ib co cai los tswj cov kev nthuav qhia txog cov dissertations, qhov no nrog rau lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, lawv pom tias nws yog tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj ib co cai los tswj cov kev nthuav qhia txog cov dissertations, qhov no nrog rau lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, lawv pom tias nws yog tsim nyog los tsim pab txhawb lawv nyeem ntawv comprehension thiab tom manipulation.
Ib daim ntawv sau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv APA yuav yooj yim muab los thiab siv raws li ib lub hauv paus rau yav tom ntej kev tshawb fawb, ces cas cov APA tsuas nrhiav kev pab Xyuas kom meej tias kev tshawb fawb tam sim no tau txais daim credit nws deserves thiab tias muaj ntau yam txawv thiab cov tshiab no yav tom ntej.
Xya versions
Txij thaum ntawd los, cov APA tau txiav txim xya versions ntawm nws cov manual. Feem ntau cov kev hloov no tswj adapting rau tshuab.
Li 50 xyoo dhau los, leej twg yuav tau luag ntawm tseem muaj ib tug cuab yeej xws li cov Internet. Hnub no nws yog xyaum indispensable rau leej twg. Li 30 xyoo dhau los, cov no raws li lawv theoretical framework rau phau ntawv, magazine thiab brochures ntawm preponderance. Hnub no peb yuav tsocai txawm ib saib ua nyob rau hauv ib lub yees duab YouTube yees duab.
Nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm rapid hloov hauv tshuab thiab cov ntaub ntawv, nws tseem tsis muaj zem tias APA qauv yuav tsum tau hloov thiab adapt. Nws kawg tsab (lub xya) tawm rau xyoo 2019, kaum xyoo tom qab nws penultimate version. Thaum ntawd, tus manual muaj ntau tshaj 300 nplooj ntawv uas txhua feeb yog piav rau daim ntawv ntawm ib qhov project scientific.
Txawm hais tias nws muab 10 xyoo rau lub launch txog tsab tshiab tsab, cov APA renews lub editions txhua xyoo ces tsis tau tshuav qab, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, 10 xyoo yog ntau dhau lawm.
Cov ntawv txais feem ntau txais daim ntawv
Tab sis cov APA tsis yog lub koom haum uas regularizes qhov kev nthuav qhia txog tej yaam num scientific. Txawm li ntawd los, nws yog tus nto moo tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau siv nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb.
Koj yuav kog nrhiav tau ib qhov los yog ib qhov kev kawm luam tawm sab nraum nws daim ntawvVim hais tias tsab cai idea uas siv nws yog los txhawb cov ntaub ntawv nrhiav.
APA cov qauv kawm muaj ntau tshaj citations thiab references (txawm tias qhov no compiled yog tej zaum tus kim tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lawv). Yog hais tias koj xav li cas cov cai apa yog, koj yuav tsum paub tias lawv tswj txhua yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb.
Leej twg sau ib daim ntawv ua hauj lwm hauv APA, yuav tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem rau cov ntsiab lus xws li:
- Margins thiab daim ntawv.
- punctuation.
- nplooj ntawv.
- Abreviaturas.
- Tamaño de la letra, uso de negritas y cursivas.
- Formato de tablas y figuras.
– Thiab tau kawg... bibliographic references thiab citations.
Peb reiterate tias qhov no tsis yog ib yam dab tsi nyuab xws li, tab sis Yuav tsum tau ntau qhov muag, siab ntev thiab xim ntau. Sau koj daim ntawv kawm ntawv uas muaj sij hawm txaus kom koj siv tau daim ntawv APA thiab, peb hais tias koj sau ntawv zoo ua ntej hnub ntawm tus me nyuam. Tias "lawv hnov ntshai" tej zaum nkawd yuav muaj tseeb, ces yog ib lub tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws peb yuav muab koj tsis tawm txhua yam rau lub xeem feeb. Kuaj, ceev faj, thiab tsis txhob noj dab tsi rau granted.
Ua ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv koj cov hauj lwm, tiam sis nws tseem tsis tau muaj dab tsi uas koj tsis tau overcome. Caj npab koj tus kheej nrog siab tawv, them xim rau cov lus, nyeem cov ntaub ntawv zoo heev, txiav txim seb dab tsi yeej tsim nyog tau luam tawm thiab npaj surprise sawv daws nrog koj cov lus xaus. Lub siab txaus siab ntawm koj qhov chaw ua hauj lwm luam tawm thiab cov Disease fact tias nws yuav siv tau los ntawm lwm tus rau lawv tus kheej kev tshawb fawb yuav muaj nqis lub sij hawm siv koj tes num.