Cov txheej txheem dav dav ntawm yuav ua li cas sau cov qauv APA
Nws zoo nkaus li APA hom ntawv tsuas yog tham txog yuav hais li cas yam li qub, tab sis muaj ntau yam ntawm cov peev txheej uas muaj ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev sau ntawv tau tshwm sim, txawm hais tias tib hom ntawv tau khaws cia kom ib txwm muab cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog kom tus nyeem ntawv tuaj yeem nrhiav tus thawj sau ntawm kab lus rov tsim dua.
Cia peb nco ntsoov tias APA tau tsim nrog ob lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb: standardize daim ntawv ntawm kev nthuav qhia ntawm kev kawm tej hauj lwm thiab hwm copyright, Yog li nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov hom ntawv suav nrog rau txhua hom font uas twb muaj lawm.
Cia peb tham me ntsis txog yuav ua li cas sau cov qauv APA
APA style siv qhov "sau-hnub" cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg. Ntawd yog, txhua nqe lus yuav tsum muaj ob daim ntawv tseem ceeb no los ua haujlwm. Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntxiv yuav raug muab rau hauv cov ntawv xa mus los nrhiav qhov chaw tshwj xeeb. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tus nyeem ntawv tuaj yeem nrhiav qhov seem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab yog li nkag mus rau nws.
Tsuas yog sau tus thawj lub npe ntawm tus sau ua raws li lub xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm ntawm qhov chaw. Cov npe ntawm cov npe tsuas yog sau yog tias tsim nyog kom paub qhov txawv ntawm ob lossis ntau tus sau nrog tib lub npe.
Txawm hais tias lub hauv paus muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb rau hnub tim, nws txwv tsis pub muab paub lub xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm. Tam sim no, yog tias, ntawm qhov tod tes, koj tsis muaj hnub tim ntawm lub hauv paus, ces siv cov ntawv luv. "s.f." uas txhais tau tias "tsis muaj hnub". Nws kuj txais "n.d." (tsis muaj hnub).
Yog tias koj tab tom hais txog cov ntawv xov xwm uas tsis tau luam tawm, tab sis raug pom zoo, koj tuaj yeem siv "hauv xovxwm" lossis "hauv xovxwm", uas txhais tau hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem luam ntawv.
Cov lus hais yog sau nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm cov ntawv nyeem thiab tuaj yeem ua parenthetical lossis piav qhia. Nyob rau hauv thawj, tus sau thiab hnub tim yog nyob rau hauv kab lus, tsuas yog sib cais los ntawm ib qho comma. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm narrative quotes, cov ntaub ntawv yog ntxiv rau lub ntawv ua ib feem ntawm kev sau ntawv.
Txhua yam uas tau hais tseg yuav tsum tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv teev npe. Qhov kev zam tsuas yog kev sib txuas lus ntawm tus kheej uas tus nyeem ntawv tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus tau vim tias lawv yog tus kheej thiab ib qho lus hais hauv kev mob siab rau koj txoj haujlwm kawm tiav lossis cov ntawv tshawb fawb.
nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem
Yog tias koj yuav ua cov ntawv sau hauv cov ntawv sau, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia hauv qab no:
- Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov Cov npe sau thiab hnub sib tw nrog dab tsi yog hais nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Txwv tsis pub, cov ntaub ntawv siv tsis raug.
- Koj tsuas tuaj yeem hais cov lus ua haujlwm koj tau nyeem thiab cov tswv yim uas yog ib feem ntawm koj cov ntawv nyeem. Nco ntsoov tias cov lus hais yuav ua rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov pom, txhawb cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, cov ntsiab lus lossis cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam.
- Tsis txhob sau koj cov ntawv nrog quotes. Tsuas yog siv lawv thaum nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txhawb koj lub ntsiab lus. Kev ua haujlwm puv ntawm cov lus hais tuaj yeem ua rau lub nra hnyav rau tus nyeem ntawv.
- Ntev npaum li ua tau, ib txwm mus thiab hais qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias tus thawj sau ntawv tau txais credit thiab tias qhov kev sau ntawv tau ua tiav lawm. Qhov chaw thib ob kuj tau tso cai (paub tias yog cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj) thiab yuav tsum tau siv los ua qhov chaw kawg thiab tsis tshua muaj.
- Koj tuaj yeem xaiv sau cov peev txheej thaum koj qhia qhov tseeb thiab cov duab uas tsis yog kev paub. Peb paub tias koj paub qhov kev kawm, tab sis nws yog ib txwm zoo dua kom muaj "kev pom zoo" ntawm lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau cov nuj nqis.
- Yog tias koj yuav hais txog ib feem ntawm ib qhov chaw, ces koj yuav tsum muab cov lus qhia me ntsis ntxiv. Khaws cov ntawv sau hnub, tab sis koj yuav tsum qhia qhov chaw koj pom cov ntaub ntawv hais tias (nplooj, kab lus, tshooj, thiab lwm yam).
- Yog tias koj muaj qhov uas tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau, muab credit rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv. Tsis txhob ua hom kev sau ntawv no vim nws ua rau muaj kev tsis ntseeg thiab tus nyeem ntawv muaj cai nkag mus rau qhov tseem ceeb.
Kuv tuaj yeem ua tau ntau npaum li cas hauv kuv txoj haujlwm kev kawm?
Tsis ntau, tsis tsawg. Kev nkag siab yuav qhia rau koj Muaj pes tsawg cov ntaub ntawv koj yuav tsum muaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Cov ntaub ntawv me me feem ntau tsuas yog hais txog ob qhov chaw, tab sis yog tias koj tab tom sau cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj xyuas lossis ua haujlwm kawm tiav, daim ntawv teev npe, thiab yog li cov ntaub ntawv siv tau ntev dua.
Koj yuav tsum credit rau qhov chaw thaum: paraphrase ib lub tswv yim uas tsis yog koj tus kheej (paraphrase quotes), hais ncaj qha rau lwm tus neeg sau cov lus, xa mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis tau sau los ntawm koj, rov luam lossis hloov lub rooj lossis daim duab, lossis rov luam cov ntawv ntev ntev.
Muaj ob qhov teeb meem koj yuav tsum zam: undercitation thiab overcitation. Undercitation tshwm sim thaum koj tsis ua cov ntaub ntawv txaus vim tias koj muab lub tswv yim tias koj qhov kev tshawb fawb tsis txaus hauv cov hauv paus zoo theoretical. Ntxiv rau, nws yooj yim heev rau poob rau hauv plagiarism thaum koj ua qhov no.
Tab sis yog tias koj ua qhov opposite thiab tsim txom kev sib tham, koj poob overstimulation uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus nyeem ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem yog ib qho cim qhia tias koj tsis tau nkag siab txog lub ntsiab lus uas koj qhov kev tshawb fawb tsom, tab sis qhov ntawd koj muab quotes sab laug thiab sab xis es tsis txhob to taub cov ntaub ntawv.
Cov apps uas ua haujlwm yooj yim dua
Yog tias tag nrho cov kev hais thiab kev xa tawm no nyuaj dhau rau koj, muaj cov ntawv thov thiab cov vev xaib uas ua rau koj txoj haujlwm yooj yim dua.
Cov no yog cov ntawv sau thiab siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob uas muaj cov phooj ywg zoo heev. Lawv muab ib lub thawv ntaub ntawv uas koj yuav tsum tau sau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv lawv thov thiab, tom qab ua ib tug yooj yim nias, koj yuav muaj cov quotes thiab siv npaj rau luam thiab paste.
Tau kawg, xyuas kom tseeb tias nws yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob sau npe hloov kho rau cov lus qhia APA tshiab kawg.
Nco ntsoov tias tsis yog txhua qhov peev txheej tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob tso cai no, vim nws yuav yog qhov "tshwj xeeb" me ntsis. Ntawd yog, tej zaum tseem tsis tau muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob siv rau hom ntawm qhov chaw ntawd.
Nco ntsoov tias muaj ntau phau ntawv thiab cov vev xaib uas piav qhia tau zoo heev yuav ua raws li APA cov qauv. Tsuas yog ua tib zoo mloog thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia. Thaum koj paub "kev kos duab ntawm kev hais tawm" koj yuav ua nws nrog koj ob lub qhov muag kaw.