ʻO kēia nā alakaʻi APA āu e ʻike ai
"Pono e kākau ʻia ka hana ma muli o nā kuhikuhi APA". He ʻōlelo maʻalahi loa ia, akā ʻo ka mea e hoʻopiha ai i nā haumāna me ka weliweli no ka mea, inā ʻike ʻia kekahi mea, ʻo ia ka paʻakikī o nā pae APA.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole lākou. ʻAe, he mau lula lākou a no laila, pono ʻoe e hahai iā lākou a e makaʻala i nā kikoʻī āpau, akā i ka manawa e hoʻokele ai ʻoe e ʻeli iā lākou, kākau i kāu noiʻi, hana kekelē, thesis a i ʻole ʻatikala ʻepekema i kēia ʻano maʻalahi loa. Ke ʻike ʻoe i ke kumumanaʻo a hoʻomaka ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa, e ʻike ʻoe e hahai ʻokoʻa kou lolo i kēlā me kēia alakaʻi apa.
No laila, ʻo ka manawa kēia e hoʻolohe ai. ʻO kēia nā alakaʻi nui o ka American Psychological Association (APA).
Akā ʻo ka mua, he moʻolelo liʻiliʻi
Ma mua o ka wāwahi ʻana i nā mea maʻamau o nā pae APA, e hoʻomaka kākou i ka hoʻomaka. I ka makahiki 1929, ua ʻAhahui Psychological ʻAmelika (APA) Ua hana ʻo ia i mau ʻāpana no ka kākau ʻana a me ka hōʻike ʻana i nā pepa hoʻonaʻauao me ka manaʻo e hahai ʻia kēia mau kūlana a puni ka honua a pēlā e hoʻohui ai i nā ʻano a me nā manaʻo. Ma kēia ala, hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu me ka pilikia ʻole i kahi hoʻokolokolo i hana ʻia e kahi ʻepekema ma Argentina, ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kahi i loaʻa ai nā ʻike āpau a hoʻomaopopo i nā kikoʻī o kēlā me kēia minuke, ʻoiai e hahai ana ia i kahi ʻano āu i ʻike mua ai.
ʻO kekahi o nā pahuhopu o ka APA ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i ka plagiarism. ʻIke ʻoe, ʻo kekahi o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi ma ke kākau ʻana ma lalo o ke ʻano APA, ʻo ia ka haʻi ʻana i kēlā me kēia mea a laila hoʻokomo i loko o nā kuhikuhi hope, akā he hana ia e pale ai i ke kope kope. Ma muli o nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo apa, ʻike ʻia ka hana a ka mea ma hope o kēlā me kēia manaʻo, ʻo ia ka mea kūpono.
ʻOiai ua hana ʻia nā maʻamau no ke kākau ʻana i nā ʻatikala ʻepekema, hoʻohana ʻia lākou i kēia manawa ma nā ʻano hana i kākau ʻia.
E ʻike kākou i nā alakaʻi APA: ʻōnaehana noiʻi
Hoʻokumu ka APA i nā pepa i kākau ʻia ma lalo o kāna mau kūlana pono e hoʻomaka me kahi uhi e hōʻike ana i ke kumuhana a me ka mea noiʻi, hoʻomau me ka kikokikona nui e hoʻopaʻa i nā noiʻi āpau a hoʻopau me nā ʻōlelo weliweli, akā koʻikoʻi.
Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke loaʻa i ka hana hoʻonaʻauao nā mea ʻē aʻe a hilinaʻi ko lākou hoʻokomo ʻana i ka mea noiʻi a me ka mea e noi ana i ka hana. He abstract kēia mau mea, nā papa a me nā kiʻi, nā mea hoʻohui a me nā ʻōlelo hope. Inā loaʻa kēia mau ʻāpana, a laila e hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka noiʻi penei: ʻaoʻao poʻo inoa, abstract, kikokikona, regencies, endnotes, tables, figures, appendix.
E pili ana i nā mea, he mea nui e ʻike i kēia:
- ʻO ka uhi: Eia ke kumuhana o ka hookolokolo ana a me ka Ka inoa o ka mea kākau, a me kona pili, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka inoa o ke kula nona ia a nona ka hana ʻepekema. ʻO ka ʻehiku o ka paʻi ʻana o nā maʻamau APA i hoʻololi nui i nā uhi, no ka mea i kēia manawa e hilinaʻi ko lākou ʻano i ka hana haumāna a i ʻole i hōʻike ʻia e ka poʻe loea.
- Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo: ʻIke pū me ʻikeʻike, se trata de un kikokikona pōkole, pōkole a pololei sobre el contenido de la investigación. Es una especie de presentación y el primer acercamiento del lector a la obra que lo ayudará a decidir si vale la pena leer o no el trabajo científico. No deben exceder las 250 palabras y, al final, se incluyen palabras clave o keywords de la investigación.
- kikokikona: Hoʻopili ʻia nā noiʻi āpau ma ʻaneʻi a, ma ka huli ʻana, ua māhele ʻia i ʻehā mau ʻāpana: ka hoʻolauna, ke ʻano, nā hopena a me ke kūkākūkā. La introducción es una presentación del tema que debe incluir cuáles son los objetivos y la hipótesis de la investigación. En el método se explica el proceso de recolección de datos, los resultados solo incluye aquellos que contribuyan a responder la hipótesis y la discusión es un análisis de la sección anterior.
- Nā kuhikuhi: Ma hea ʻoe e hāʻawi ai i nā kikoʻī hou aku o kēlā mau kumu āu i hoʻohana ai no ke kākau ʻana i kāu hana hoʻonaʻauao.
- Nā memo wāwae a i ʻole nā memo hope: Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana iā lākou e hoʻohui i ka ʻike a i ʻole e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kuleana kope.
- Nā papa: Hoʻohui i nā papa inā pono wale nō.
- Kiʻi: ʻO lākou nā mea ʻike maka e kōkua i ka hōʻike kiʻi ʻana i kāu noiʻi.
- Pākuʻi: He mau ʻāpana pōkole ia o ka ʻike i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokō i ka ʻike i hōʻike ʻia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kākau i nā appendice he nui.
E pili ana i ka palapala APA
Pono ka noiʻi e hahai i kēia mau kuhikuhi:
- Pepa nui leka, nona na ana 21,59 knm x 27.94 knm
- Pono e ana nā palena ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao i hoʻokahi ʻīniha, ua like ia me 2,54 knm.
- Hiki iā ʻoe ke kākau i kāu hana hoʻonaʻauao me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano font ʻeono, ʻekolu o lākou me serifs a ʻekolu o lākou i waho serifs. ʻO ka poʻe o ka hui mua 12-point Times New Roman, 11-point Georgia, a me 10-point Computer Modern Normal. ʻO ka poʻe o ka hui ʻelua 11-point Calibri, 11-point Arial, a me 10-point Lucida Sans Unicode. Pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ke ʻano like ʻole i loko o ka palapala, koe naʻe nā kiʻi (kahi i ʻōlelo ʻia he 8-14 point sans serif), kumu kumu (i kākau ʻia ma Lucida Console 10 point a i ʻole Courier New 10 point) a me nā footnote (pono e kākau ʻia. i loko o kahi kikokikona liʻiliʻi a me nā laina laina ʻokoʻa).
- ʻO nā pepa haʻawina a pau i kākau ʻia ma ke ʻano APA he a poʻomanaʻo. Aia kēia ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao o ka palapala, a no nā pepa haumāna, aia ka helu ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai ma nā pepa ʻoihana he poʻo inoa pōkole ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻaoʻao.
- ʻO ka pono e helu ʻia ka hana. ʻO ka uhi ka helu ʻaoʻao 1.
- Ka hoohana ana o nā poʻo inoa a me nā huaʻōlelo ayudarán a estructurar la información. Hay cinco niveles de títulos y cada uno lleva un formato diferente. Es importante saber que no se puede usar un solo subtítulo debajo de un nivel y que debe usarse interlineado doble.
- ʻO ka laina laina he papalua mau.
- Hoʻopili ʻia nā paukū ma ka hema.
- Pono e hoʻomaka kēlā me kēia paukū me ka a 1/2 iniha a i ʻole 1.27 cm ke koko. Se sugiere configurar el estilo en Word para lograrlo; nunca usar la barra de espacios.